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Electronics

Electronics is a field of science and technology that deals with the study and application of electronic devices, circuits, and systems. It involves the design, development, and utilization of components such as transistors, diodes, integrated circuits (ICs), and printed circuit boards (PCBs) to create electronic devices and systems for various purposes. Electronics plays a crucial role in modern technology, powering devices ranging from smartphones and computers to medical equipment and industrial machinery. It encompasses diverse subfields, including analog and digital electronics, microelectronics, power electronics, and telecommunications. The continuous advancement of electronics drives innovation in many industries, shaping the way we live, work, and communicate in the digital age.

Contents

Physics

  • P-TYPE: Trivalent impurities (3 valence electrons)
    • Aluminum, boron, gallium, and indium.
  • N-TYPE: Pentavalent impurities (5 valence electrons)
    • antimony, arsenic, bismuth, and phosphorus.

Atom

  • The atom consists of the three-stage of the particles namely electron (outermost of the orbit), and clustered neutron and proton.
  • Atoms are a very minute part of the element,
  • We cannot visible the atom, the radius of the atom is 1A0=10-10m.
NameSymbol Mass(atomic mass unit)Normal mass(a.m.u)
ElectronE-15.4000000000000001E-40
ProtonP11.00727000000000011
NutronN01.008671

Coulomb’s law

  1. The force between two charged bodies was studied by Coulomb in 1785.
  2. Coulomb’s law states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The direction of forces is along the line joining the two point charges. Let q1 and q2 be two-point charges placed in air or vacuum at a distance r apart. Then, according to Coulomb’s law,

F αq1 q2/r2

or F = k×q1 q2/r2

where k is a constant of proportionality. In air or vacuum,

k =1/4πε0, where εo is the permittivity of free space (i.e., vacuum) value of ε0 is 8.854 × 10-12 C2 N-1 m-2.

Ohm’s Law (1827)

  1. George Simon Ohm established the relationship between potential difference and current, which is known as Ohm’s law.
  2. At a constant temperature, the steady current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference between the two ends of the conductor.

(i.e) I α V

Kirchhoff

Kirchhoff first law (current law)

Kirchhoff’s current law states that the algebraic sum of the currents meeting at any junction in 7 a circuit is zero.

Kirchoff’s second law (voltage law)

Kirchoff’s voltage law states that the algebraic sum of the products of resistance and current in each part of any closed circuit is equal to the algebraic sum of the emf’s in that closed circuit. This law is a consequence of the conservation of energy.

Resistance

Resistance of a conductor is defined as the ratio of potential difference across the conductor to the current flowing through it. The unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω). Resistance – The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor. The inverse quantity is electrical conductance and is the ease with which an electric current passes.

Any conductor’s resistance depends upon the following things

  1. Length of the conductor (L).
  2. The specific resistance of the nature material (Rho).
  3. The cross-sectional area of the conductor(A).

Length Directly is Proportional to Resistance: R ∝ L

The resistance is directly proportional to the length. If the conductor length is longer then resistance is high so current flow is less.

Cross-Sectional Area is inversely Proportional Resistance: R ∝ 1/A (or) R ∝ A-1.

Specific Resistance of the materials

The specific resistance of the material of a wire is determined by knowing the resistance (P), radius (r), and length (L) of the wire using the expression ρ =Pπr/L

Materialρ (Ωm) at 20°Cσ (S/m) at 20°CTemperature coefficient (1/°C) x10^-3
Silver1.59×10−86.30×1073.8
Copper1.68×10−85.96×1073.9
Gold2.44×10−84.10×1073.4
Aluminum2.82×10−83.5×1073.9
Tungsten5.60×10−81.79×1074.5
Zinc5.90×10−81.69×1073.7
Nickel6.99×10−81.43×1076
Lithium9.28×10−81.08×1076
Iron1.0×10−71.00×1075
Platinum1.06×10−79.43×1063.9
Tin1.09×10−79.17×1064.5
Lead2.2×10−74.55×1063.9
Manganin4.82×10−72.07×1062E-3
Constantan4.9×10−72.04×1068.0000000000000002E-3
Mercury9.8×10−71.02×1060.9
Nichrome1.10×10−69.09×1050.4
Carbon (amorphous)5×10−4 to 8×10−41.25 to 2×103-0.5
 substanceNatureResistivity(ρΩm)
1SilverConductor1.6×10-8
2GoldConductor 
3CopperGood conductor1.7×10-8
4AluminumGood conductor2.7×10-8
5IronConductor10×10-8
6SteelConductor 
7BrassConductor 
8bronzeConductor 
9MercuryConductor 
10Dirty water(saltwater)Conductor 
11graphiteConductor 
12tungsten 5.5×10-8
13GermaniumSemiconductor(0.40)or (0.6Ωm)
14Siliconsemiconductor2300
15GlassInsulator1010– 1014
16neopreneInsulator 
17WoodInsulator108-1011
18rupperInsulator1013-1016
19OilInsulator 
20FiberglassInsulator 
21(Dry)cottonInsulator 
22(dry)woodInsulator 
23AirInsulator 
24PlasticInsulator 
25Pure waterInsulator 
26QuartzInsulator1013
27TeflonInsulator 
28NichromeResistance material10-4 Ωm

Example 1:

Copper material ρ (of copper) = 1.7 x 10-8 Ωm (17 E-9 or 17 EXP-9 when entering it into your calculator in Standard Form, depending on which model you use), L (Length of cable) = 7m and d (Diameter of cable) = 0.5mm(500 E-6 or 500 EXP-6 meters in Standard Form. so Find the resistance??

Answer

  • A (Cross Sectional Area of cable in square metres) = π(d/22) = 3.142 x ((500 EXP-6/2)2) = 196.4 EXP-9m2.
  • Therefore R = (ρL) / A = (17 EXP-9 x 7) / 196.4 EXP-9 = 605mΩ

Example 2 :

A wire 12m long has a resistance of 1.5 Ω. What will be the resistance of 16m of the same wire?

Answer: 2 Ω

Example 3

A sample of copper wire of 0.2mm radius has a length of 5m. If the resistivity of the copper is 1.7 x 10-8, what would be the resistance of the wire?

Answer: 0.676Ω

Example 4

What is the resistance of 100m of copper wire, having a diameter of 1.024mm?

Ans: 2.06Ω

Example 5

The resistance of a 50m length of wire is found to be 0.83 ohms. Its diameter is 1.15mm. What is its resistivity and from what metal is it most probably made?

Ans : 1.72 x 10-8 copper

Example 6

What is the length of a copper wire having a radius of 0.25mm if its resistance is found to be 0.2 Ω?

Ans: if you know the answer please mention it in the comment section

Reference Websites

Conductance:

The reciprocal of resistance is conductance. It’s unit is mho (Ω–1)

Current:

Electrons flow in a conductor

Eg: water flow in a pipeline.

  • 1amps= 6.25*1018=(6,250,000,000,000,000,000) electrons/second,

Voltage

We define voltage as the amount of potential energy between two points on a circuit. One point has more charge than another. This difference in charge between the two points is called voltage. It is measured in volts, which, technically, is the potential energy difference between two points that will impart one joule of energy per coulomb of charge that passes through it (don’t panic if this makes no sense, all will be explained). The unit “volt” is named after the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta who invented what is considered the first chemical battery. Voltage is represented in equations and schematics by the letter “V”.

When describing voltage, current, and resistance, a common analogy is a water tank. In this analogy, charge is represented by the water amount, voltage is represented by the water pressure, and current is represented by the water flow. So for this analogy, remember:

  • Water = Charge
  • Pressure = Voltage
  • Flow = Current

Consider a water tank at a certain height above the ground. At the bottom of this tank, there is a hose.

Electronics devises Types

Electronics devises Types are generally two types Active and Passive Components

  • Active Components
    • Semiconductors
    • Diode
    • Transistors
    • Integrated Circuits
    • Optoelectronics Devices
    • Display technologies
    • Vacuum tubes (Valves)
    • Discharge device
    • Power Sources
  • Passive Components
    • Resistors
      • What is Resistance?
      • Resistor – Tutorial
    • Capacitors
    • Magnetic Devices (Inductive)
    • Memristor
    • Networks
    • Transducers, Sensors, Detectors
    • Antennas
    • Assemblies, Modules
    • Prototyping Aids
  • Electromechanical
    • Piezoelectric devices, Crystals, resonators
    • Terminals and Connectors
    • Cable Assemblies
    • Switches
    • Protection Devices
    • Mechanical Accessories

Diode

  • Conduct electricity (Electrons) easily in one direction
  • Two lead semiconductor
  • Diodes are made by Silicon [mostly], Selenium, and germanium [Sometimes]
  • A PN-junction diode is formed by joining together n-type and p-type silicon.
  • In practice, as the n-type Si crystal is being grown, the process is abruptly altered to grow p-type Si crystal. Finally, a glass or plastic coating is placed around the joined crystal.
  • The p-side is called the anode and the n-side is called the cathode.
  • When the anode and cathode of a PN-junction diode are connected to an external voltage such that the potential at the anode is higher than the potential at the cathode, the diode is said to be forward-biased.
  • –In a forward-biased diode current is allowed to flow through the device.
  • •When the potential at the anode is smaller than the potential at the cathode, the diode is said to be reverse biased. In a reverse-biased diode current is blocked.
  • + – + –

Various Diodes

  • Avalanche Diode
  • Constant Current Diode
  • Crystal Diode
  • Gunn Diode
  • LASER Diode
  • Light Emitting Diode(LED)
  • Photo-Diode
  • PIN Diode
  • Shockley Diode
  • Step Recovery Diode
  • Super Barrier Diode
  • Transient Voltage Suppression Diode (TVS)
  • Tunnel Diode
  • Thermal Diode
  • Vacuum Diode
  • Varactor Diode (Varicap)
  • Zener Diode

Transistors

  • Types
    • PNP
    • NPN
  • A transistor can be used as a switch, amplifier.

  • β = Ic/Ib

  • Example Ic = 0.5 to 1.5mA, Ib= 20-40uA, what is β=?
    • Answer β = 50.

BJT

  • BJT – Bipolar Junction Transistor
  • Application
    • DC to AC Converter
    • Induction Motor driver
    • UPS
    • SMPS
    • Chopper

Filter

  • Electronic filters are circuits, which perform, signal processing functions, specifically to remove unwanted frequency components from the signal, to enhance wanted ones, or both.
  • Types
    • High pass filter
    • Low pass filter
    • Band-pass filter
    • Bandstop filter

RC Filter

First-order RC-filter (high/low pass filter)

  • The cut-off frequency is defined as the frequency at which the voltage at the output of the filter is 3dB below the input. In other words, the output signal is 70.7% or 1/sqrt(2) below the input signal.
  • For a first-order RC-filter the cut-off frequency (FC) is calculated as follows:
  • R1 * C1 = 1/ω = 1/ (2 π fc)
  • The time constant ω is equivalent to 2 π FC. Engineers prefer to use FC while many scientists use ω.a

LC Filter

  • Low pass- π filters
  • High Pass T Filter

Filters Type:

  • Capacitor filter
  • Choke input filter
  • Capacitor input filter or π filter

Reference websites

Oscillators

What is Oscillator? : Oscillator is the heartbeat of every microcontroller design.

Types of Transistor oscillators

  • Tuned collector oscillator
  • Colpitt’s oscillator
  • Hartley oscillator
  • Phase shift oscillator
  • Wein bridge oscillator
  • Crystal oscillator
    • Crystal Oscillator is used for demand precise timing over a wide temperature range.

Oscillator for Microcontroller and Microprocessor

  • Internal
    • Usually (as far as I know, always) a resistor-capacitor circuit.
    • Phase-locked loop for frequency multiplication
  • External
    • CMOS clock
    • Crystal
    • Ceramic resonator
    • Resistor-capacitor,
    • capacitor only

Quartz and ceramic oscillator

  • CL-total = ((CL1* CL2)/ CL1+CL2) + Cp
  • Cp – Parasitic capacitance
  • CL1, CL2 – Load Capacitance

Transducer

Types of transducer

  • Pressure Transducers
  • Vacuum pressure Transducers
  • Melt Pressure Transducers
  • submersible Transducers
  • linear position Transducers
  • Non-contact Linear Transducers
  • wireless Transducers
  • In-cylinder Linear Transducers

Transformer

Type of Transformer

  • Power transformer
  • The audio frequency transformer(AFT)
  • Radiofrequency transformer(RFT)
  • Intermediate frequency transformer(IFT)
  • Autotransformer
  • Isolation transformer
  • Driver transformer

Relay

Relay is an electromagnetically operated switch. Relay is an automatic switch. it working in an electromagnetic field. all electronic circuit is ex specially design and fabricated two switches on or switch off the one or more device. all electronic circuit has an end width relay.

Relay Applications

  • Automotive Electronics
    • Mini Plug-in Power Relays
    • Micro Plug-in Relays
    • Enclosed / Sealed Automotive Relays
    • Miniature PCB Automotive Relays and
    • Twin Automotive Relays
  • Industrial Instrumentation & Controls
  • High-end Consumer Electronics
    • Air Conditioner
    • Heater
  • Communications
    • Telecommunication system
  • Strategic Electronics

Car LED flasher Relay

  • 3-Pin Car LED Flasher Relay Fix Turn Signal – Black (DC 12V)
  • 6pin Flasher Relay for All 4 Wheeler Use 12V Dhuale Head Lamp Relay

Relay Manufactures

SCR

  • Applications
    • AC to Dc converter
    • AC Converter
    • Electronics Circuit Breaker

MOSFET

  • Application
    • DC Choppers,
    • Low power UPS
    • SMPS
    • Brushless DC Motor Drivers

Switch Type:

  • Pressure Switches
  • Temperature Switches
  • Flow Switches & Meters
  • Liquid Level Switches

Sensor

Sensor Type

  • switching sensor
  • variable sensor
  • image-processing sensor
  • RF sensor

Varies Types of Sensor

  • Accelerometer Sensor
  • Alcohol Sensor
  • Current Sensor
  • Dew Sensor
  • Distance Sensor
  • Eye Capture Sensor
  • Eye Image Print Sensor
  • Figure Print Sensor
  • Flow Control (Water Pressure)
  • GPS Sensor Module
  • Gsm Sensor Module
  • Heart Beat Monitor
  • Humidity Sensor
  • Load Cell
  • Luminance Sensor
  • Pressure Sensor
  • Proximity Sensor
  • Solenoid Load
  • Temperature Sensor
  • Ultra Sonic Sensor
  • Vibration Sensor
  • Water Solenoid

 

Electronics Equipment

Electronics Engineer Must have following Equipment

  • Scale
  • Multimeter
  • Soldering iron
  • Oscilloscope
  • Vernier caliber

Symbol Pb & RoHs

What is this symbol mean by Pb?

  • Lead-Free & RoHS Compliant Label solutions

What is RoHS?

  • RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) is a European Union directive that restricts the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium (VI), PBBs, and PBDEs in electrical and electronic equipment as of July 1, 2006.

 

Electronics Tutorials – 230v Single LED Circuit

This is a simple circuit and can use 230v AC LED indication in a home that can be directly powered from mains. To make this by three simple electronics components Resistor, Diode and LED But it’s not isolated so very dangerous, if you have not good knowledge about AC circuit please don’t try. these following circuits are reverse circuit from extension box

Method-1

Required Components

  • Diode 1N4007 – 1 Nos
  • Resistor 270k Ohm 5% – 1 Nos
  • Red LED 2v (633mm) – 1 Nos
  • Wires

Schematics

Circuit

Electronics hardware Guide.

If your doing the electronics hardware troubleshooting then you need to carefully taken care of the thing.

IC Replacement Guidelines

for example, one IC was damaged in the board, if you replace it with a new IC then after re-soldered that, you need to carefully check the continuity test for all nearby pins like 1 and 2 sort is there or not? 2 and 3 sorts or not like. Refer to the pin details of the IC also.

Electronics Exhibitions List

  • Intec expo (Coimbatore)
  • Electronica India(Bangalore)
  • IoT Road Show(Bangalore)

Electronics items sellers

Evergreen Industrial StoreImage Source
You can buy All kinds of magnets here like Bitter Electromagnet, Dipole Magnet, Electro-Permanent Magnet, Horseshoe Magnet, Spring Magnet.
Image Source
Address: Shop No.150, Sadar Patrappa Rd, Dodpete, Nagarathpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002.
Owner Siddiqali : 98866 83674.
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/M14u5H9MQVs
Module143Module143 AddressModule143
Himesh Reddivari Technologies Pvt Ltd
#14, 2nd floor,
Sri Ram Vilas Sweets,
OTC Road,
Nagarathpet,
Bengaluru – 560002
TIN: 29581359633
Phone : 07032366913,14
3module@gmail.com
Shelfkey-Begur, Bangalore
Tanotis-Mahalakshmipuram, Bangalore
Karishma ElectronicsImage Source
Address: #8, S.P.Complex, Edayar Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Contact Number: 094867 73009
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Wy21pRx53DC2
Kaveri ElectronicsImage Source
Address: Lingappa Chetty Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 247 3685
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/AyzUJi9dgGm
R.K ElectronicsImage Source
Address: 789, 789, Oppanakara St, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 239 4040
WebSite: http://www.torindia.com
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/1Fs9mFExk9C2
Krishna electronicsImage Source
Address: # 177, 2, M.F.C Towers, Variety Hall Rd, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 6131
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Rzara5oXb7r
Sunrise Electronic
Image 1 Source
Image 2 Source
Address: No.721/1, Oppanakara St, Near State Bank of India, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 1050
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/2k5q5JGu8MK2

Sparkfun electronics

Electronics Companies

The Electronics Course

  • Electronics
  • ATMEL
  • PIC
  • ARM
  • C
  • C++
  • LabVIEW
  • German
  • RTOS
  • Linux

Fritzing

Fritzing is a tool for creating an electronics projects block diagram, circuit connection diagram. Download here.

Reference

Electronics Tutorials – 230v Single LED Circuit

This is a simple circuit and can use 230v AC LED indication in a home that can be directly powered from mains. To make this by three simple electronics components Resistor, Diode and LED But it’s not isolated so very dangerous, if you have not good knowledge about AC circuit please don’t try. these following circuits are reverse circuit from extension box

Method-1

Required Components

  • Diode 1N4007 – 1 Nos
  • Resistor 270k Ohm 5% – 1 Nos
  • Red LED 2v (633mm) – 1 Nos
  • Wires

Schematics

Circuit

Electronics hardware Guide.

If your doing the electronics hardware troubleshooting then you need to carefully taken care of the thing.

IC Replacement Guidelines

for example, one IC was damaged in the board, if you replace it with a new IC then after re-soldered that, you need to carefully check the continuity test for all nearby pins like 1 and 2 sort is there or not? 2 and 3 sorts or not like. Refer to the pin details of the IC also.

Electronics Exhibitions List

  • Intec expo (Coimbatore)
  • Electronica India(Bangalore)
  • IoT Road Show(Bangalore)

Electronics items sellers

Evergreen Industrial StoreImage Source
You can buy All kinds of magnets here like Bitter Electromagnet, Dipole Magnet, Electro-Permanent Magnet, Horseshoe Magnet, Spring Magnet.
Image Source
Address: Shop No.150, Sadar Patrappa Rd, Dodpete, Nagarathpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002.
Owner Siddiqali : 98866 83674.
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/M14u5H9MQVs
Module143Module143 AddressModule143
Himesh Reddivari Technologies Pvt Ltd
#14, 2nd floor,
Sri Ram Vilas Sweets,
OTC Road,
Nagarathpet,
Bengaluru – 560002
TIN: 29581359633
Phone : 07032366913,14
3module@gmail.com
Shelfkey-Begur, Bangalore
Tanotis-Mahalakshmipuram, Bangalore
Karishma ElectronicsImage Source
Address: #8, S.P.Complex, Edayar Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Contact Number: 094867 73009
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Wy21pRx53DC2
Kaveri ElectronicsImage Source
Address: Lingappa Chetty Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 247 3685
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/AyzUJi9dgGm
R.K ElectronicsImage Source
Address: 789, 789, Oppanakara St, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 239 4040
WebSite: http://www.torindia.com
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/1Fs9mFExk9C2
Krishna electronicsImage Source
Address: # 177, 2, M.F.C Towers, Variety Hall Rd, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 6131
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Rzara5oXb7r
Sunrise Electronic
Image 1 Source
Image 2 Source
Address: No.721/1, Oppanakara St, Near State Bank of India, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 1050
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/2k5q5JGu8MK2

Sparkfun electronics

Electronics Companies

The Electronics Course

  • Electronics
  • ATMEL
  • PIC
  • ARM
  • C
  • C++
  • LabVIEW
  • German
  • RTOS
  • Linux

Fritzing

Fritzing is a tool for creating an electronics projects block diagram, circuit connection diagram. Download here.

Reference

Electronics Tutorials – 230v Single LED Circuit

This is a simple circuit and can use 230v AC LED indication in a home that can be directly powered from mains. To make this by three simple electronics components Resistor, Diode and LED But it’s not isolated so very dangerous, if you have not good knowledge about AC circuit please don’t try. these following circuits are reverse circuit from extension box

Method-1

Required Components

  • Diode 1N4007 – 1 Nos
  • Resistor 270k Ohm 5% – 1 Nos
  • Red LED 2v (633mm) – 1 Nos
  • Wires

Schematics

Circuit

Electronics hardware Guide.

If your doing the electronics hardware troubleshooting then you need to carefully taken care of the thing.

IC Replacement Guidelines

for example, one IC was damaged in the board, if you replace it with a new IC then after re-soldered that, you need to carefully check the continuity test for all nearby pins like 1 and 2 sort is there or not? 2 and 3 sorts or not like. Refer to the pin details of the IC also.

Electronics Exhibitions List

  • Intec expo (Coimbatore)
  • Electronica India(Bangalore)
  • IoT Road Show(Bangalore)

Electronics items sellers

Evergreen Industrial StoreImage Source
You can buy All kinds of magnets here like Bitter Electromagnet, Dipole Magnet, Electro-Permanent Magnet, Horseshoe Magnet, Spring Magnet.
Image Source
Address: Shop No.150, Sadar Patrappa Rd, Dodpete, Nagarathpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002.
Owner Siddiqali : 98866 83674.
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/M14u5H9MQVs
Module143Module143 AddressModule143
Himesh Reddivari Technologies Pvt Ltd
#14, 2nd floor,
Sri Ram Vilas Sweets,
OTC Road,
Nagarathpet,
Bengaluru – 560002
TIN: 29581359633
Phone : 07032366913,14
3module@gmail.com
Shelfkey-Begur, Bangalore
Tanotis-Mahalakshmipuram, Bangalore
Karishma ElectronicsImage Source
Address: #8, S.P.Complex, Edayar Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Contact Number: 094867 73009
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Wy21pRx53DC2
Kaveri ElectronicsImage Source
Address: Lingappa Chetty Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 247 3685
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/AyzUJi9dgGm
R.K ElectronicsImage Source
Address: 789, 789, Oppanakara St, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 239 4040
WebSite: http://www.torindia.com
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/1Fs9mFExk9C2
Krishna electronicsImage Source
Address: # 177, 2, M.F.C Towers, Variety Hall Rd, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 6131
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Rzara5oXb7r
Sunrise Electronic
Image 1 Source
Image 2 Source
Address: No.721/1, Oppanakara St, Near State Bank of India, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 1050
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/2k5q5JGu8MK2

Sparkfun electronics

Electronics Companies

The Electronics Course

  • Electronics
  • ATMEL
  • PIC
  • ARM
  • C
  • C++
  • LabVIEW
  • German
  • RTOS
  • Linux

Fritzing

Fritzing is a tool for creating an electronics projects block diagram, circuit connection diagram. Download here.

Reference

Electronics Tutorials – 230v Single LED Circuit

This is a simple circuit and can use 230v AC LED indication in a home that can be directly powered from mains. To make this by three simple electronics components Resistor, Diode and LED But it’s not isolated so very dangerous, if you have not good knowledge about AC circuit please don’t try. these following circuits are reverse circuit from extension box

Method-1

Required Components

  • Diode 1N4007 – 1 Nos
  • Resistor 270k Ohm 5% – 1 Nos
  • Red LED 2v (633mm) – 1 Nos
  • Wires

Schematics

Circuit

Electronics hardware Guide.

If your doing the electronics hardware troubleshooting then you need to carefully taken care of the thing.

IC Replacement Guidelines

for example, one IC was damaged in the board, if you replace it with a new IC then after re-soldered that, you need to carefully check the continuity test for all nearby pins like 1 and 2 sort is there or not? 2 and 3 sorts or not like. Refer to the pin details of the IC also.

Electronics Exhibitions List

  • Intec expo (Coimbatore)
  • Electronica India(Bangalore)
  • IoT Road Show(Bangalore)

Electronics items sellers

Evergreen Industrial StoreImage Source
You can buy All kinds of magnets here like Bitter Electromagnet, Dipole Magnet, Electro-Permanent Magnet, Horseshoe Magnet, Spring Magnet.
Image Source
Address: Shop No.150, Sadar Patrappa Rd, Dodpete, Nagarathpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002.
Owner Siddiqali : 98866 83674.
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/M14u5H9MQVs
Module143Module143 AddressModule143
Himesh Reddivari Technologies Pvt Ltd
#14, 2nd floor,
Sri Ram Vilas Sweets,
OTC Road,
Nagarathpet,
Bengaluru – 560002
TIN: 29581359633
Phone : 07032366913,14
3module@gmail.com
Shelfkey-Begur, Bangalore
Tanotis-Mahalakshmipuram, Bangalore
Karishma ElectronicsImage Source
Address: #8, S.P.Complex, Edayar Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Contact Number: 094867 73009
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Wy21pRx53DC2
Kaveri ElectronicsImage Source
Address: Lingappa Chetty Street, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 247 3685
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/AyzUJi9dgGm
R.K ElectronicsImage Source
Address: 789, 789, Oppanakara St, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 239 4040
WebSite: http://www.torindia.com
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/1Fs9mFExk9C2
Krishna electronicsImage Source
Address: # 177, 2, M.F.C Towers, Variety Hall Rd, Town Hall, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 6131
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/Rzara5oXb7r
Sunrise Electronic
Image 1 Source
Image 2 Source
Address: No.721/1, Oppanakara St, Near State Bank of India, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641001
Phone: 0422 238 1050
Location: https://goo.gl/maps/2k5q5JGu8MK2

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Fritzing

Fritzing is a tool for creating an electronics projects block diagram, circuit connection diagram. Download here.

Reference

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