Digital electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with the study, design, and implementation of digital circuits, systems, and devices. Unlike analog electronics, which deals with continuous signals, digital electronics processes and manipulates discrete signals represented by binary digits (bits) – 0s and 1s.
Read more: Digital ElectronicsDigital electronics focuses on the design and analysis of digital circuits and systems that perform logical operations and arithmetic computations using binary numbers. It involves the use of digital components such as logic gates, flip-flops, registers, counters, and microcontrollers to build digital systems capable of processing, storing, and transmitting information in digital form.
Digital electronics is fundamental to modern technology, playing a crucial role in various applications, including computing, telecommunications, digital signal processing, control systems, and consumer electronics. It forms the basis of digital computers, smartphones, digital cameras, digital audio players, and many other digital devices that are pervasive in our daily lives.
Key concepts in digital electronics include Boolean algebra, logic gates, truth tables, combinational and sequential logic circuits, finite state machines, and digital signal processing techniques. Digital electronics also encompasses advanced topics such as microprocessor and microcontroller programming, digital communication protocols, and digital system design methodologies.
Overall, digital electronics is a cornerstone of modern technology, enabling the development of sophisticated digital systems that drive innovation and shape the digital world we live in.
Contents
Bit, Nibble, Byte, word
- Bit – Single bit
- Nibble – Four bits
- Byte – Eight bits
- Word – Sixteen bits
The below image can make understand clearly about
What is the different between Bit, Byte, Nibble, Word, Kilobyte(KB), Megabyte(MB), Gigabyte(GB), Terabytes(TB).
- Bit: A bit is the smallest unit if information that can be stored in a computer. Bits in computer are grouped to form a lager unit of information
- Byte: A byte is a combination of eight bits. Eight bits represent a character and is called a byte.
- Nibble: A nibble is a combination of four bits, in other words a nibble is half a byte.
- Word: a word is a combination of 16 bits, 32 bits or 64 bits depending on the computer. 16 is known as quad word.
- Kilobyte (kb): A kilobyte has a memory unit of 1024 (2**10)
- Megabyte: a megabyte has a memory unit if 1,048,576 (2**20). This is approximately 1 million bytes.
- Gigabytes (gb): A gigabyte has a memory unit of 1,073,741,824 (2**30). This approximately billion bytes.
- Terabytes: a terabyte has a memory unit of (2**40). This is approximately 1 trillion bytes.
Note:
- 1024 byte = 1 kilobyte (1kb)
- 1024 kilobytes = 1 megabytes (1mb)
- 1024 megabyte = 1 gigabytes (1 Gb)
- 1024 gigabytes =1 terabyte (1tb)
Logic Gates
- NOT
- AND
- NAND
- OR
- NOR
- XOR
- XNOR
Truth Tables
NOT
| Bit | Result |
|---|---|
| 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 |
AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR
| Bit-1 | Bit0 | AND | NAND | OR | NOR | XOR | XNOR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
FlipFlops
- SR Flipflop
- JK Flipflop
- D FlipFlop
- T Flipflop
SR Flipflop
| S | R | Q | Q’ |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | ∞ | ∞ |
JK Flipflop
| J | K | Q | Q’ |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
D Flipflop
| Clock | D | Q | Q’ |
| ↓ » 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| ↑ » 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| ↓ » 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| ↑ » 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
T FlipFlop
| T | Q | Q (t+1) |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 |
Applications of Flip-Flops
- Counters
- Frequency Dividers
- Shift Registers
- Storage Registers
Parity Checker
- Two Types
- Odd Parity Bit
- Even Parity Bit
Cyclic Redundancy Checker
- The CRC was invented by W. Wesley Peterson in 1961
- The 32-bit CRC function, used in Ethernet and many other standards.
Digital Electronics Interview Question
Write the Truth Table for NOT, AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR?
Answer: https://aruneworld.com/digital-electronics/#Logic-Gates
VLSI
- NOT Gate using NMOS and PMOS
- AND Gate using NMOS and PMOS
- OR Gate using NMOS and PMOS
- NAND Gate using NMOS and PMOS
- NOR Gate using NMOS and PMOS
- XOR Gate using NMOS and PMOS
- XNOR Gate using NMOS and PMOS