MicroSoft Windows OS

Windows is the one of the OS by Microsoft and it will support many processors like AMR, Intel Core and so on. Windows has many variants like windows XP, windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10.

ArunEworld Microsoft Windows OS Post

• MicroSoft Windows PowerShell

Windows Command Prompt

Windows command prompt is an interpreter. Whenever we enter the pre-defined command, the windows will compile the lines and arguments and execute the user-entered set of commands.

• Rules: In the command prompt, you can type the lowercase or UPPERCASE using a single command. Example: help or HELP or Help are the same meaning only

How to copy the displayed text in the command prompt

You need to select the text using a mouse/keyboard/touchpad. One selected then just hit the ENTER key. Now you can paste somewhere, and check that copied contents are properly pasted.

How to paste the copied text in the command prompt

For pasting the copied text in the command prompt, you can use the Normal paste procedure CNTL+V

Windows Command List

usually you can get the all command list when your enter the HELP command in windows command prompt

Command	Descriptions
$PSVersionTable	Find out the version of PowerShell
ASSOC	Displays or modifies file extension associations.
ATTRIB	Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK	Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
BCDEDIT	Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
CACLS	Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL	Calls one batch program from another.
CD	Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP	Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR	Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK	Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKNTFS	Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS	Clears the screen.
CMD	Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR	Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP	Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT	Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT	Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the current drive.
COPY	Copies one or more files to another location.
DATE	Displays or sets the date.
DEL	Deletes one or more files.
DIR	Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKPART	Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
DOSKEY	Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY	Displays current device driver status and properties.
ECHO	Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL	Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE	Deletes one or more files.
EXIT	Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC	Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.
FIND	Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FINDSTR	Searches for strings in files.
FOR	Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT	Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FSUTIL	Displays or configures the file system properties.
FTYPE	Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
GOTO	Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.
GPRESULT	Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
GRAFTABL	Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.
HELP	Provides Help information for Windows commands.(to get help)
ICACLS	Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories.
IF	Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL	Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD	Creates a directory.
MKDIR	Creates a directory.
MKLINK	Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links
MODE	Configures a system device.
MORE	Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE	Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory.
OPENFILES	Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
PATH	Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE	Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD	Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
PRINT	Prints a text file.
PROMPT	Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD	Saves the current directory then changes it.
RD	Removes a directory.
RECOVER	Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM	Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN	Renames a file or files.
RENAME	Renames a file or files.
REPLACE	Replaces files.
RMDIR	Removes a directory.
ROBOCOPY	Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
SET	Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL	Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SC	Displays or configures services (background processes).
SCHTASKS	Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
SHIFT	Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SHUTDOWN	Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine.
SORT	Sorts input.
START	Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST	Associates a path with a drive letter.
SYSTEMINFO	Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
TASKLIST	Displays all currently running tasks including services.
TASKKILL	Kill or stop a running process or application.
TIME	Displays or sets the system time.
TITLE	Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE	Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.
TYPE	Displays the contents of a text file.
VER	Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY	Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.
VOL	Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY	Copies files and directory trees.
WMIC	Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell. Serial Number : WMIC BIOS GET SERIALNUMBER

Apart from the above listed commands, In window we have many other command for different purpose. The above listed command only display in command prompt when we enter HELP command. But the below commands are not listed in Help results.

Network Commands

Purpose	Command	Descriptions
Network	ARP	Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol (ARP).
Network	IPCONFIG	Display the windows IP configurations in the command prompt.
Netwrok	NETSH	Display the Network Information.

ARP

Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by
address resolution protocol (ARP).

• Mostly List out all IP connected LAN network will use the command arp -a -

Arguments	Description	Usage	Example
-a	Displays current ARP entries by interrogating the current protocol data. If inet_addr is specified, the IP and Physical addresses for only the specified computer are displayed. If more than one network interface uses ARP, entries for each ARP table are displayed.	ARP -a [inet_addr] [-N if_addr] [-v]	Adds a static entry: arp -s 157.55.85.212 00-aa-00-62-c6-09 …. Displays the arp table. arp -a
-g	Same as -a.
-v	Displays current ARP entries in verbose mode. All invalid entries and entries on the loop-back interface will be shown.
inet_addr	pecifies an internet address.
-N if_addr	Displays the ARP entries for the network interface specified by if_addr
-d	Deletes the host specified by inet_addr. inet_addr may be wildcarded with * to delete all hosts.	ARP -d inet_addr [if_addr]
-s	Adds the host and associates the Internet address inet_addr with the Physical address eth_addr. The Physical address is given as 6 hexadecimal bytes separated by hyphens. The entry is permanent.	ARP -s inet_addr eth_addr [if_addr]
eth_addr	Specifies a physical address.
if_addr	If present, this specifies the Internet address of the interface whose address translation table should be modified. If not present, the first applicable interface will be used.

NETSH

Usage	Description	Example
netsh wlan show profile “NETWORK NAME” key=clear	View Saved LAN Network Password	netsh wlan show profile “ArunEworld” Key=clear
netsh wlan delete profile “NETWORK NAME”	Delete Saved LAN Wireless network	netsh wlan delete profile “ArunEworld”

Examples

Create Folder (Make Directory)

If you have a question like, How to create a folder or directory using windows command? Here your answer,

• MD is one of the windows commands for Create a new folder.
• MD means Make Directory
• Syntax: MD <Folder_Name>.

Rename Folder or Rename Files

If you have a question like, How to rename a folder or directory using windows command? Here your answer,

• To rename the directory or folder, we have two different command options (REN or RENAME)
• RENAME and REN is one of the windows commands for rename file or folders
• Rename the file Syntax: Rename *.<Original_File_Type> *.<Feature_File_Type> (Example : Rename *ArunEworld.txt *ArunEworld.log)
• Rename the folder or directory Syntax: Rename *.<Original_Folder_Type> *.<Feature_Folder_Type> (Example : Rename *ARUN *Eworld)

List out Windows-installed software

If you have a question like, How to List out windows installed software using windows command? Here your answer,

The below code (AEW_Installed_Software_list.bat) installed automatically done this job

@echo off
REM ArunEworld Batch Script Examples
echo ================= >>software_list.txt
reg export HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall temp1.txt
find "DisplayName" temp1.txt| find /V "ParentDisplayName" > temp2.txt
for /f "tokens=2,3 delims==" %%a in (temp2.txt) do (echo %%a >> software_list.txt)
del temp1.txt
del temp2.txt
REM type software_list.txt | more
echo.
echo.
echo Installed software are stored in software_list.txt

Reference: Link

How to List out files of folders and sub folders

• Command type: dir /s
• Here dir is list out all the files and folders only.
• Here /s denotes list out the all sub folders and files.

How to Freeze the cmd prompt

How to Freeze the cmd prompt when the ping test is running? ( if you know the answer please let me know)

How to run the batch file every 5 minutes?

Consider your batch file name is RunEvery5Minutes.bat

here 300 is 5mints, if you want 10s then mention value as 10

:loop
 RunEvery5Minutes.bat
 timeout /t 300
 goto loop

what is runas?

• First Run C:\Users\HP>runas /user:localhost\administrator cmd  .
• Then Asking these automatically Enter the password for localhost\administrator:  .
• Reference :https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-xp/bb490994(v=technet.10)

Reference

• https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/10-things/10-cool-things-you-can-do-with-windows-powershell/
• http://www.dailyfreecode.com/code/hello-world-powershell-334.aspx

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Windows: Shortcut Key

• WINDOWS + A  – Open Notification Screen in Windows-10.
• WINDOWS + B  – Select Task Bar items in Windows-10
• WINDOWS key + D  – Show the Desktop(Minimized all windows in one time) in Windows-7,8,8.1,10
• WINDOWS key + E  – Open File Explorer inWindows-7,8,8.1,10
• WINDOWS key + L  : Logout the user in windows-7,8,8.1,10.
• WINDOWS key + P  : Open Project Selection in windows-10.
• WINDOWS key + R  – Open RUN command inWindows-7,8,8.1,10
• WINDOWS key + S  – Search in Windows-10.
• WINDOWS key + T  – Select Taskbar Items in Windows-10.
• WINDOWS key + U  – Open Settings in Windows-10.
• WINDOWS key + X  – Open Setting in Windows-10.
• WINDOWS key + Tab  – Select Opened Windows in windows-10.
• CNTL + L – Open Address bar or Current folder PATH in windows-10.

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Windows: File Explorer

Delete Files easily by size

You may have many files in drive. you will get notification like “your drive got full”. Then you need to delete unwanted files in drive. To find the large file in drive, please follow below steps (I was tested this in my windows 10 at 20191111T204500 its working fine).

• Open windows explorer.
• Click search box in top right corner or F3 button.
• Type Size:  in search box and select option you want (Refer below image).
• You need to wait few minutes for file explorer to search your while drive. Wait until complete the status bar.
• Reference : https://www.laptopmag.com/articles/save-space-windows-10

Clear “Recent File” History

If you have following question? here the solution

How to Clear Your File Explorer “Recent Files” History in Windows 10? or How to Clear Windows 10 Quick Access History in File Explorer?

• In File Explorer, click the “File” menu and then choose the “Change folder and search options” command

• On the General tab of the Folder Options dialog, click the “Clear” button to immediately clear your File Explorer history.
• You’re given no confirmation dialog or anything; the history is cleared immediately.
• Reference: https://www.howtogeek.com/267631/how-to-clear-your-file-explorer-recent-files-history-in-windows-10/#:~:text=In%20File%20Explorer%2C%20click%20the,the%20history%20is%20cleared%20immediately.

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Windows: Task Scheduler

Windows task scheduler feature will be default in windows OS.

Schedule Task in windows (Tested with Windows 10, 64-bit machine)

• Goto -> Control panel -> Administrator tool-> task scheduler or  Ex : Control Panel\All Control Panel Items\Administrative Tools
• Click “Task Scheduler Wizard” In Create Basic Task section: Give Name of your Task “Test ArunEworld”, and descriptions then click “Next”.
• In Trigger section, select when do you want the task to start? options like Daily, Weekly, Monthly, One Time, When the computer starts, when I log on and when a specific event is logged. Then Click “Next”.
• In Action section, select what action do you want the task to perform? options like Strat a program, Send an e-mail(deprecated), Display a message (deprecated). Then Click next.
• Then Save the setting and run the task.
• Reference: Link

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Windows System Information

• View all system information like system summary, hardware and software info.Goto -> Control panel -> Administrator tool-> system information.

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How to Open Program and Feature in Windows?

• Open Run command prompt.
• Type appwiz.cpl and click enter.

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Disable App Startup

Change which apps run automatically at startup in Windows 10 : https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/change-which-apps-run-automatically-at-startup-in-windows-10-9115d841-735e-488d-e749-9ba301d441e6

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Other FQA

How to run ‘sudo’ command in windows?

• Reference : https://sourceforge.net/projects/sudowin/reviews?source=navbar

How to easily track how long my laptop battery actually lasted?

• Reference: https://superuser.com/questions/737581/how-to-easily-track-how-long-my-laptop-battery-actually-lasted?utm_medium=organic&utm_source=google_rich_qa&utm_campaign=google_rich_qa

How Set DNS host in windows 10?

• C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc (Edit the host file) . Note : this was tested with Windows 10 and its working fine.

How combine multiple hard drives into one volume in Windows 10

• https://www.windowscentral.com/how-create-one-large-volume-using-multiple-hard-drives-windows-10

Can you password protect a folder in Windows 10?

• If you know the answer, Please post in comment Box.