echo '' ;

Archives

Embedded Interface – Touch Keypad

A touch keypad is an input device that allows users to interact with electronic devices by touching designated areas on its surface. It typically consists of a panel with sensitive touch sensors beneath, capable of detecting the presence and location of touch inputs. Touch keypads are commonly used in various electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, ATMs, point-of-sale terminals, and household appliances like microwave ovens and washing machines. They offer advantages like sleek design, ease of use, and versatility in terms of layout and functionality.

Read more: Embedded Interface – Touch Keypad

TTP226

TTP226 based Module – 1

Here is the Specifications

FeatureDescription
On board 8 key TTP226 capacitive touch induction IC.Allows for capacitive touch sensing with 8 keys.
On board 8-way level indicator.Features an 8-way level indicator on board.
Working voltage2.4 V to 2.4 V
ModulesAllows for setting output mode, key output mode, the longest time, and fast/low power output.
PCB board sizeDimensions: 47.5 mm (width) x 46 mm (height).
Read more… →

Embedded Interface – EEPROM

AT24C128 I²C EEPROM Feature

  • Voltage
    • Low Voltage (1.8v to 3.6v)
    • Standard Voltage (2.7V to 5.5V)
  • Memory
    • 128K (16,384 x 8)
    • 256K (32,768 x 8)
  • I²C Interface (Bi-Directional data transfer protocol)
  • Speed
    • 1MHz(5v)
    • 400KHz(2.7v, 2.5v)
    • 100kHz(1.8v)
  • High Reliablility
    • 1 Million write cycles of endurance
    • 40 years of Data Retention

EEPROM Datasheet


 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – RTC

Application

  • Whats-app
    • Every mobile has an in-build RTC. Whatsapp is taking current time from mobile system processor using RTC function and send to WhatsApp server. Once Receptive is online he will receive the  message with a timestamp

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – RGB LED

PWM -Pulse width Modulation

RGB LED

 

Type of RGB LED


 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – Switch

 

Slide Switch

 

Rotary Switch

 

Push Switch

These are either normally on (Push-to-break0, or normally off(Push-to-make). They can be latched, So they stay pressed down after you remove your finger, like the switches on a torch.

 

Micro Switch

 

Reed Switch

These are magnetically activated


 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – ADC

  • The analog signal is continuous in time and it is necessary to convert this to a flow of digital values. It is therefore required to define the rate at which new digital values are sampled from the analog signal. The rate of new values is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency of the converter.
  • The most common ways for implementing ADC are direct conversion, successive approximation, ramp compare, Wilkinson, integrating, delta encoded, pipelined, sigma-delta, time-interleaved, intermediate FM stage, other types.
  • A successive-approximation ADC uses a comparator to successively narrow a range that contains the input voltage.
  • The values are usually stored electronically in binary form, so the resolution is usually expressed in bits.
  • The number of discrete values available, or levels, is assumed to be the power of two.
  • Resolution can also be defined electrically and expressed in volts. The minimum change in voltage required to guarantee a change in the output code level is called the least significant bit.

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – Motor

Example

  • DC Motor
  • Stepper Motor
    • Bipor Stepper Motor
    • Unipolar Stepper Motor.
  • Servo Motor

 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – LCD

Examples

  • Display Character
  • Display String
  • Display Decimal
    • Display one Digit Decimal
    • Display Two Digit Decimal
    • Display Three Digit Decimal
  • Auto scroll Display
  • Blink
  • Cursor On/Off
  • Custom Character
  • Display
  • Hello world
  • Scroll
  • Serial Display
  • Set Cursor
  • Text Direction

LCD Interface with Micro-controllers

Different LCD Displays

  • Nokia 5110 LCD Module with PCD8544 
  • Nokia 6610 
  • OLEDs 
  • 2×16 LCD- hd44780 
  • Nextion Display 

 

 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – 7 Segment Display

Example

  • One 7-Segment Display
    • Display Character
    • Display Decimal
  • Multi 7 Segment Display
    • Display Character
    • Display Decimal

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – Button

Examples

  • LED ON/OFF Using Button
  • Button De-bounce
  • Four Button (UP, DOWN, ENTER, BACK)
    • Set Value By Four_Buttons using 7 Segment Display
    • Set Value By Four_Buttons using LCD Display
  • Matrix Keypad
    • Set Value by Matrix Keypad using 7 Segment Display
    • Set Value by Matrix Keypad using LCD Display
    • Display characters by Matrix Keypad using 7 Segment Display
    • Display characters by Matrix Keypad using LCD Display

 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)

Embedded Interface – LED

 LED (Light Emitted Diode)

LED Symbol

 

How to Identify the LED Positive and Negative Leads ?

  • Long lead is positive(+) and small lead is negative(-)
  • Round circle lead is positive(+) and flat lead is negative(-)

 

LED Chemical Substance

Summary of LED Colors and Common Chemistries

Color Wavelength Materials
Amber 605-620 nm Gallium arsenide phosphide, Aluminum gallium indium phosphide
Blue 430-505 nm IInGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), Gallium nitride, Silicon carbide, Sapphire, Zinc selenide
Green 550-570 nm Aluminum gallium phosphide, Gallium nitride
Infra-Red 850-940 nm Gallium arsenide, AL GaAs (Aluminum Gallium Arsenide)
Red 630-660 nm AL GaAs (Aluminum Gallium Arsenide), Gallium arsenide phosphide, Gallium phosphide
Ultraviolet 370-400 nm Indium gallium nitride, Aluminum gallium nitride
Violet 410-420nm
Yellow 585-595 nm Aluminum gallium phosphide, Gallium arsenide phosphide, Gallium phosphide

 

LED Light wave length
Excel To HTML using codebeautify.or

WaveLenth LED APPLICATION
410nm-420nm(violet) Skin therapy
430nm-470nm(blue) Dental curing instrument
470nm(blue) White LED’s using phosphor, blue for RGB white
520nm-530nm(green) Green traffic signal lights, amber for RGBA white lights
580nm-590nm(amber) Red signal lights, red for RGBA white lights
630nm-640nm(red) Blood oximetry
660nm(deep red) Skin therapy
680nm(deep red) Night vision illuminators and beacons for use with night vision goggles or CCD’S
800nm-850nm(near IR) Photo electric controls
940nm(near IR) Convert illumination CCD based systems

 

Reference  : http://www.goldwynled.com/knowledge-bank/led-basics

 


 

GLOW LED

LED ON

LED OFF

LED Blink

 

LED Application

  • Status Indicator
  • WiFi Router Status Indicator (Blink LED-Internet Status)
  • Charge level Indication in mobile power-bank [Blink LED – Single RGB LED or Multiple Color LED)
  • Bike Automation
    • Bike Turn Indicator (LED Blink – while turned)
    • Bike Side stand indicator (LED Glow -if Side stand is not took)
  • Car Automation
    • Car Turn Indicator (LED Blink – while turned)
    • Car Door Status indicator(LED Glow -if Door is not close or opened)

Examples

  • LED ON/OFF
  • LED Blink using Delay Function
  • LED Blink using Timer Function
  • LED as a Status Indicator(Using condition Check)Button

Next :

Previous :


 

Embedded Interface – PCF8574 and PCF8574A I/O Expender

In this article we are discussing Embedded Interface – PCF8574 and PCF8574A I/O Expender.

The PCF8574 device provides general-purpose remote I/O expansion for most micro controllers
families by way of the I2C interface [serial clock(SCL), serial data (SDA)]. 8-bit 2.5- to 5.5-V I2C/SMBus I/O expander with interrupt

The device features an 8-bit quasi-bidirectional I/O port (P0–P7), including latched outputs with high current drive capability for directly driving LEDs. Each quasi-bidirectional I/O can be used as an input or output without the use of a data-direction control signal. At power on, the I/Os are high. In this mode,
only a current source to VCC is active.

Read more… →

Embedded Interface – LCD HD44780

  • HD44780 compliant controllers 16×2 Character LCD is a very basic and low-cost LCD module that is commonly used in electronic products and projects.
  • 16×2 means it contains 2 rows that can display 16 characters.
  • Its other variants such as 16×1 and 16×4 are also available in the market.
  • In these displays, each character is displayed using 5×8 or 5×10 dot matrix.

Experiments

  • Change Cursor Location Based on Key Input

LCD4 Bit Mode Functions

void Lcd4_Clear()   {    Lcd4_Cmd(0x00);    Lcd4_Cmd(0x01);    }    // clear screen 0x01

void Lcd4_DisplayOFF_BlinkON_CursorON()        {    Lcd4_Cmd(0x00);    Lcd4_Cmd(0x0B);    }    // 0x0B

void Lcd4_DisplayON_BlinkOFF_CursorOFF()    {    Lcd4_Cmd(0x00);    Lcd4_Cmd(0x0C);    }    // 0x0C

void Lcd4_DisplayON_BlinkOFF_CursorON()     {    Lcd4_Cmd(0x00);    Lcd4_Cmd(0x0D);    }    // 0x0C

void Lcd4_DisplayON_BlinkON_CursorOFF() {    Lcd4_Cmd(0x00);    Lcd4_Cmd(0x0E);    }    // 0x0E

//void Lcd4_Shift_Left()                      {   Lcd4_Cmd(0x01); Lcd4_Cmd(0x08); }   //  0x18

//void Lcd4_Shift_Right()                     {   Lcd4_Cmd(0x01); Lcd4_Cmd(0x0C); }   //  0x1C

 

 

Next Topic

Embedded Interface 7 Segment (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface ADC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Button (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface EEPROM (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LCD HD44780 (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface LED
Embedded Interface MCP23017
Embedded Interface Motor (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface PCF8574 and PCF8574A
Embedded Interface RTC (Add Soon)
Embedded Interface Switch
Embedded Interface Touch Kypad
Embedded Interface RGB LED (Add Soon)